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An Effective Strategy for Communicating Cybersecurity Risk to the Board

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Written by Joe Robertson, Director of Information Security and EMEA CISO at Fortinet

Most individuals on the board of directors for organizations are not cybersecurity experts. However, they are likely very aware of the global events going on in this tumultuous time of continued disruption by the Covid pandemic, the war in Eastern Europe, and the growing volume and sophistication of cyberattacks. With these concerns in mind, they definitely want to know if their organization is at risk.

You can also bet that although they don’t know all the technical jargon of cybersecurity, they are savvy enough ask CISOs or CIOs for a status report on the organization’s cyber defenses. This presents a challenge for an IT security expert reporting to the board: “How can I effectively communicate our organization’s cybersecurity risk? What metrics can I share with them that will properly answer the ‘Are we at risk?’ question?”

Honestly, I don’t believe boards care as much about metrics as we sometimes think. They would rather have a simple yes or no answer to the questions: “Are we at risk?” and “Are we protected?” The problem with the first question is that the answer is always yes. No matter how much you put in place to protect yourself, there’s always a risk. In the digital world, enterprises are always facing threats—no matter the time or place. As for the second question about protection, there is no simple yes-or-no answer. Because even if the answer is “Yes, we’re protected.” It begs a follow-up question: “Are we protected enough?”

The Answers to Better Questions
Too many organizations think only about preventing attackers from getting in. They tend to focus on firewalls, antivirus, remote access authorizations, etc. However, there is a very real chance that an adversary has already circumvented these defenses and is inside their networks. When attackers have evaded frontline defenses, CISOs need to have tools like sandboxingdeception technology, and analysis in place to detect, deceive, and quarantine the invaders.

I think CISOs need to educate board members on how to ask better questions regarding cybersecurity risk. The questions that an organization’s leadership team should be asking include: “Where are our risks? Which are the highest priority? How can we reduce risks?”

These types of queries will help CISOs develop a strong cybersecurity strategy. They need to identify what the best cybersecurity posture is for the organization and select activities that will protect the highest risks to the business. The board should be paying attention to this strategy and not just having cybersecurity as a check-off item on their monthly meeting agenda. Cybersecurity must be a board-level priority within the organization.

Three Cybersecurity Basics the Board Must Understand
Regarding a company’s cybersecurity risk, the board needs to understand three basics:

1) The Threat of Attack is Existential for Most Organizations – For example, a ransomware attack that shuts down production could bring down the company permanently. It is literally that serious.

2) Cybersecurity Requires Prioritization – Cybersecurity may not be the most core part of a business, but it requires investment, just like other areas that organizations must invest in—human resources, the legal department, facilities, IT, and so forth.

3) Three Types of Investment – The investments that must be made in cybersecurity really come in three forms: people, products, and processes.

  1. People– Organizations need people who have the skills to understand and protect the business and its employees. This means investing in skills—whether your own staff or people to manage your outsourcers.
  2. Products– CISOs need technologies that work together and are easy for the IT staff to manage and analyze. It should include threat intelligence subscriptions.
  3. Processes– Investment in processes is not just a combination of people and products but it also having vigilance. Having processes in place means the organization is constantly observing the threat landscape and becoming more and more aware of what it looks like. It is also about staying on top of new developments, both in terms of threats and types of defenses.

Above are all things that the security team should be dealing with and CISOs need to find ways of abstracting them to the board level. Again, metrics might seem like a natural way of conveying the data, but the problem with metrics is that every organization is different—and there are no real standard security measurements. That said, there are several standards that CISOs can compare their organizations to as well as try to attain. They are NIST in the U.S., the NIS directive in the European Union, and, in production and operational environments, IEC 62443, which has four security levels.

What the cybersecurity team leader—whether they’re on the networking side or security side—needs to do rather than provide metrics-specific numbers, is provide a dashboard to the board. A dashboard view is something that can give them a comprehensive idea of the state of the organization’s protection.

A ROSI View to Justify Security Investments
Another tool that CISOs may want to consider that isn’t a metric but can help justify security investments to top leadership and the board of directors is the EU’s Return on Security Investment (ROSI) formula. The methodology was developed by ENISA, which is a European security organization. Essentially, what it does is enables a CISO to come up with a number that looks like an ROI (return on investment) percentage—allowing it to be compared to traditional investments.

With ROI, it shows how much a regular investment is going to return. With ROSI, it indicates how much monetary protection an organization is going to get or how much loss is going to be avoided. ROSI allows the cybersecurity people to go into a board meeting armed with a number, so that they can show it to the board who then have to decide between investing in, for example, a new machine for the production line or in protection for the organization’s database.

Cyber Security

Cybersecurity on a Budget: Affordable Cybersecurity Strategies for Small Businesses

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According to a survey by Statista, typically, global enterprises dedicate a minimum of 12% of their IT expenditure to information security measures. While larger companies can afford to spend a lot on building a robust cybersecurity strategy, smaller businesses cannot. So, let’s explore some affordable cybersecurity strategies for small businesses that may cost less but have a greater impact.

Train your employees
An article from Forbes found that, annually, 34% of businesses worldwide encounter incidents involving insider attacks. Whether intentional or unintentional, employees tend to be the reason for most data breaches. Per the same article, phishing emails account for 67% of accidental insider attacks.

Phishing attacks mostly instil a sense of urgency in the victim, making it harder for them to think clearly before making a decision. For example, employees may click an email announcement about a bonus that actually came from a malicious outsider impersonating your company’s CEO.

To avoid such mistakes, it’s imperative to train employees on the types of phishing attacks and the ways to identify them. Even going as far as sending a mock phishing email occasionally to test their instincts and educate them can go a long way.

Assess your vulnerabilities
One of the most important cybersecurity strategies is to assess all your risk points by periodically reviewing all your business processes. Pay more attention to teams that deal with a lot of customer data. For instance, sales and marketing teams may handle customer data on a day-to-day basis, so they are at high risk of leaking or mishandling data. Assess their daily activities, create a record of all the risk points, and find ways to mitigate them.

Encrypt your data
Encrypting your data can be an effective method to protect it in case of data leaks. Let’s say a hacker gets hold of your company’s data, but it’s encrypted. Unless the hacker gets the encryption key from you, they cannot access your company’s data. This adds another layer of protection in addition to the everyday cybersecurity best practices that you should be following in your company. So make it a point to encrypt all your data, especially sensitive and critical data.

Limit access to critical data
Not everyone requires access to all data. Try to limit access to critical and sensitive data to fewer employees by basing access on work duties or requiring approval for access, making it a multi-step process to access it. Additionally, periodically review who has access to what data to ensure there aren’t any misallocations of access.

Secure your Wi-Fi
A secure network will reduce the chances of a hack or unauthorized access to your sensitive data. So switch your Wi-Fi to WPA2 or later, as it offers more security. Your business might already be using it, but it’s best to be sure. Additionally, change the name of your SSID and have a strong pre-shared key to keep your Wi-Fi safe from hackers.

Prevent physical theft
Through April 2023, there were 3,785 robberies in London, and 1,765 were of mobile phones. This highlights how important it is to secure your physical assets, as they might contain critical and sensitive information about your organization.

Here are some ways to protect your physical assets, such as PCs, laptops, scanners, and printers:

  1. Restrict unauthorized access to assets.
  2. Install a physical tracker on all devices to track down lost items.
  3. Enable remote wiping of data to erase information if a device is lost.

Cybersecurity strategies are seldom drafted with affordability in mind. However, it is crucial to consider them from a financial perspective, as small businesses are also increasingly susceptible to cyberattacks. These tips can help you take the first step toward creating a secure IT environment. Learn more about cybersecurity solutions for your business.

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Cyber Security

Managed Security Service: Right Choice for Your Company?

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Written by Lev Matveev, SearchInform Founder and Chairman of the Board of Directors

75% of information security experts consider insider threats more dangerous than hacker attacks. This is proven by the SearchInform survey conducted annually. Insider threats include data loss, fraud, theft, kickbacks, business on the side, etc. These are serious risks for any business, resulting in major financial losses, reputational damage and fines from law enforcement agencies. Nevertheless, many companies still do not ensure reliable protection against insider threats.

The reasons are the following:

  • Hardware and software for data protection are costly
  • The market lacks data security experts
  • SMEs cannot compete with large enterprises to engage professionals.

According to our 2022 survey, one-third of companies recognize an acute shortage of information security experts and cannot ensure protection in-house. Therefore, in 2019 we decided to launch a managed security service based on our protection solutions, which gives the opportunity to use them without hiring security specialists.

The SearchInform service provides protection against data breaches, internal fraud, document forgery and other violations by employees. It solves the tasks of monitoring employee working hours, compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, and many more.

We take on all tasks that are usually handled by in-house security staff. Our experts install and maintain security software, customize security policies for effective control, constantly monitor the situation in the company, detect incidents and investigate them. The client receives detailed and visual reports, as well as emergency alerts if it is required to take urgent measures and prevent an incident.

Availing the service, the client does not need to hire a security expert and therefore does not need to spend on social benefits, vacations or sick leaves. The client’s business remains protected if a security employee resigns or takes an unpaid leave. At the same time, our analyst has diverse work experience, knows the solutions well and has all the necessary competencies to work with them.  Since we are unacquainted with the client’s employees, our expert will be impartial and will not take anyone’s side. All this allows the clients to save time and money.

When do companies really need MSS?
According to our observations, the service is the best choice for companies with 30-500 employees and without an in-house IS department.  When the staff number increases, top managers can no longer control everything and face a high risk of incidents.

Here are a few common situations when you should choose managed security service.

  1. A company does not have internal security officers or lacks the budget to form a security department. Our service was originated to make data security more affordable. It significantly reduces the company’s costs, as there is no need to purchase software licenses, hardware, or hire a full-time information security officer. 
  2. Full-scale protection is required immediately. Companies often turn to managed security services after an incident has already occurred. It becomes clear that to prevent this in future, it is necessary to implement special security software, purchase additional equipment, and hire a data security officer. These steps will take a lot of time. The service will start protecting your business within 1-2 days.
  3. A company is not sure that the purchase of security systems will pay off eventually. Our service is an opportunity to test them in real conditions and assess whether they are worth purchasing in each specific case. One first month of the service is free.
  4. A company wants to conduct a security audit and get a complete picture of the corporate security. The service allows you to quickly find out what data is stored, where exactly it is stored and whether there are access rights violations. As far as the first month, our expert detects cases of corporate fraud, document forgery and other violations, as well as cases of idleness, business on the side or work for competitors. 
  5. For compliance with regulatory requirements. More and more regulations are being adopted or waiting to be adopted. SAMA, GDPR, and DCC incentivize companies to take measures to ensure data security. Some regulations, such as the UAE Information Security Regulation issued by the United Arab Emirates Telecommunications and Digital Technology Authority, even stipulate the use of DLP as a means of preventing data loss. To avoid the risk of hefty fines or lawsuits for non-compliance, you can use our managed security service.

I believe that outsourced data security should soon become as widespread as outsourced accounting or IT services. It is just a matter of time.

SearchInform offers a free trial version for one month! 

During this month, clients can assess whether the service really meets their needs. According to our experience, 100% of companies discover some kind of problems during the trial, ranging from the idleness of their employees to corporate fraud and confidential data leakage. 70% of companies that request a free trial continue to work with us.

Request a free trial of the service for one month!

Contact us for more information:
Email: uae@searchinform.com
Office Address: 10C-15, I-Rise Tower, Hessa Street, Barsha Heights, Dubai, UAE.

– Sponsored Content

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Expert Speak

Five Tips to Stay Out of the Phishing Trap

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Written by Bashar Bashaireh, Managing Director, Middle East & Turkey, Cloudflare

Email is the most exploited business application. It is the primary initial attack vector for cybersecurity incidents and contains vast amounts of trade secrets, PII, financial data, and other sensitive matters of value to attackers.

On top of that, email is one of the hardest applications to secure. If it were simple, there would be fewer headlines about business email compromise (BEC) losses topping $50 billion, and fewer breaches resulting from someone falling for a phish. Once an attacker has infiltrated one email account, they can move laterally and impact a wide range of internal systems. Phishing is as common in the public sector as it is in the private sector and besides the obvious financial implications, there is also the issue of damage to the reputation of the enterprise.

Cloudflare recently published its 2023 Phishing Threats Report. The three key takeaways are:

  • Attackers use links as the #1 phishing tactic— and are evolving how they get you to click and when they weaponize the link.
  • Identity deception takes multiple forms and can easily bypass email authentication standards.
  • Attackers may pretend to be hundreds of different organizations, but they primarily impersonate the entities we trust (and need to get work done).

Below are some recommendations that will help organizations stay out of the Phishing trap:

  • Secure email with a Zero Trust approach – Despite email’s pervasiveness, many organizations still follow a “castle-and-moat” security model that trusts messages from certain individuals and systems by default. With a Zero Trust security model, you trust no one and nothing. No user or device has completely unfettered, trusted access to all apps — including email — or network resources. This mindset shift is especially critical if you have multi-cloud environments and a remote or hybrid workforce. Don’t trust emails just because they have email authentication set up, are from reputable domains, or “from” someone with whom you have a prior communication history. Choose a cloud email security solution rooted in the Zero Trust model and make it more difficult for attackers to exploit existing trust in “known” senders.
  • Augment cloud email with multiple anti-phishing controls – A multi-layered defence can preemptively address high-risk areas for email exposure, including:
    • Blocking never-before-seen attacks in real-time, without needing to “tune” a SEG or wait for policy updates
    • Exposing malware-less financial fraud such as VEC and supply chain phishing
    • Automatically isolating suspicious links or attachments in email
    • Identifying and stopping data exfiltration, particularly via cloud-based email and collaboration tools
    • Discovering compromised accounts and domains attackers use to launch campaigns

More organizations are choosing a layered approach to phishing protection. As noted in The Forrester Wave: Enterprise Email Security, Q2 2023, “The email security vendors you work with should demonstrate an ability to connect and share data with each other and with key tools in your security tech stack.

  • Adopt phishing-resistant multi-factor authentication – Any form of multi-factor authentication (MFA) is better than none, but not all MFAs provide the same level of security. Hardware security keys are among the most secure authentication methods for preventing successful phishing attacks; they can protect networks even if attackers gain access to usernames and passwords. Consider replacing MFA methods like SMS or time-based OTP with more proven methods like FIDO-2 compliant MFA implementations.Applying the principle of least privilege can also ensure hackers who make it past MFA controls can access only a limited set of apps, and partitioning the network with micro-segmentation can prevent lateral movement and contain any breaches early.
  • Make it harder for humans to make mistakes – The larger your organization, the more each of your teams will want to use their own preferred tools and software. Meet employees and teams where they are by making the tools they already use more secure and preventing them from making mistakes.For example, email link isolation, which integrates email security with remote browser isolation (RBI) technology, can automatically block and isolate domains that host phishing links, instead of relying on users to stop themselves from clicking.
  • Establish a paranoid, blame-free culture– Encouraging an open, transparent “see something, say something approach” to collaborating with your IT and security incident response teams 24/7 helps get everyone on “team cyber.”Minutes matter during attacks. Establishing a paranoid but blame-free culture that reports suspicious activity — as well as genuine mistakes — early and often helps ensure incidents (no matter how rare) are reported as soon as possible.
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