Cyber Security
Proactive Threat Intelligence Can Keep Threats at Bay

Ehab Adel, the Director of Cybersecurity Solutions at Mindware, says energy, telecommunications, and government services face the highest risks in the MEA region
Can you give us an overview of the current cybersecurity landscape for critical infrastructure in the MEA region?
The MEA region is rapidly adopting digital technology, but this has led to an increase in cyber threats aimed at critical sectors like energy, water, transportation, and healthcare. As operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT) become more connected, it makes these sectors more vulnerable to cyberattacks. Governments in the region are working to improve cybersecurity frameworks to protect important national infrastructure.
What are the notable trends in cyber attacks targeting critical infrastructure?
- Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs): State-backed hackers are increasingly targeting critical infrastructure to gather intelligence or disrupt operations. For example, the Chinese APT group “Earth Estries” has attacked telecommunications and government sectors in the Middle East.
- Exploitation of Known Vulnerabilities: Cybercriminals are using old security weaknesses (like CVEs) to break into systems. The Terrapin Attack (CVE-2023-48795) used flaws in the SSH protocol, showing how important it is to apply patches on time.
- Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks: DDoS attacks are still common, making up about 73.2% of cyber incidents in the Middle East in 2024. These attacks aim to overwhelm and shut down services.
Which sectors in the MEA region are the most vulnerable to cyber-attacks?
Energy, telecommunications, and government services face the highest risks in the MEA region. The energy sector, especially oil and gas, is a major target because it is critical to the economy. The growing use of digital tools in operations has created more opportunities for attacks that disrupt supply chains. With complex networks and third-party connections, telecom companies face many attack risks. Governments are targeted for sensitive data or to disrupt public services. As governments digitize more services, they face higher risks of cyberattacks. Mindware’s comprehensive security solutions specifically address these sectors’ unique challenges, from securing complex supply chains in energy to protecting government digital services and telecommunications infrastructure.
What are the primary motivations behind cyber attacks on critical infrastructure in the MEA region?
Cyber attacks in MEA are primarily driven by geopolitical interests, financial gain through ransomware and fraud, and sabotage for competitive advantage. State-backed hackers target critical infrastructure to gather intelligence or destabilize rival countries. Cybercriminals want to make money through attacks like ransomware, data theft, or fraud. Mindware’s threat intelligence solutions help organizations identify and respond to these varied attack motivations effectively
What is the importance of employee training in preventing cyber-attacks?
Human error is a major cause of security breaches. Regular training is essential to help employees recognize phishing attempts, follow security protocols, and create a strong cybersecurity culture. This proactive approach helps prevent successful attacks that take advantage of human mistakes.
Proactive threat intelligence involves gathering information about potential threats before they happen. By staying updated on new risks and attack methods, organizations can implement defences, fix vulnerabilities, and adjust their security strategies to stay ahead of attackers.
What sort of technologies can safeguard critical infrastructure in the region?
- AI and Machine Learning: These technologies help detect unusual activity, predict attacks, and respond to threats automatically, improving real-time security.
- Zero-Trust Architecture: This security model requires everyone—inside or outside the organization—to be verified before accessing systems, reducing the chances of unauthorized access.
- Advanced Encryption: Encryption protects data from being accessed or stolen, both when it’s stored and when it’s being transferred.
What challenges are companies facing in securing critical infrastructure in the region?
Limited budgets and resources hinder strong cybersecurity measures for many companies. Older systems often lack necessary security features against modern threats. A shortage of skilled cybersecurity professionals complicates effective threat management and response.
What is the role of MEA governments in regulating and enforcing cybersecurity standards for critical infrastructure?
Governments in the MEA region are creating and enforcing cybersecurity regulations to protect critical infrastructure. These frameworks offer guidelines for organizations to follow to improve their cybersecurity. For example, the UAE’s Information Assurance Regulation sets rules for organizations to ensure high cybersecurity standards.
How can companies ensure business continuity while recovering from a cyber attack on critical systems?
Incident response planning is crucial to manage and minimize the impacts of cyberattacks. It is essential to perform regular backups of important data to ensure quick restoration in case of data loss. Redundancy and resilience should be maintained to keep backup systems and networks operational during disruptions. Continuous monitoring is necessary to detect and respond promptly to threats. Clear communication with stakeholders, including customers and partners, is vital during and after incidents.
Cyber Security
Positive Technologies Discovery Leads D-Link to Recommend Router Replacements

Vladimir Razov, an expert from the PT SWARM team, has discovered a vulnerability in several models of D-Link routers. According to Mordor Intelligence, D-Link is one of the top three Wi-Fi router manufacturers in the world. The vendor has been notified of the threat in line with the responsible disclosure policy and recommends that users switch to more recent devices.
The vulnerability, which is registered as BDU:2024-06211 with a CVSS 3.0 score of 8.4, affects the following D-Link models: DIR-878, DIR-882, DIR-2640-US, DIR-1960-US, DIR-2660-US, DIR-3040-US, DIR-3060-US, DIR-867-US, DIR-882-US, DIR-882/RE, DIR-882-CA, and DIR-882-US/RE. At the time of the research, vulnerable routers could be discovered using search engines in the United States, Canada, Sweden, China, Indonesia, and Taiwan.
According to the manufacturer, these models are no longer supported. D-Link recommends retiring the outdated devices and replacing them with supported devices that receive firmware updates. “If this vulnerability is successfully exploited, a malicious user authorized in the router’s web interface can compromise the entire device and gain access to all traffic passing through it,” says Vladimir Razov, Web Application Security Analyst at PT SWARM, the offensive security department at Positive Technologies.
As a temporary measure to mitigate the threat, Vladimir Razov recommends using OpenWrt (an open-source embedded operating system based on the Linux kernel and designed specifically for routers) or changing the login credentials for accessing the router’s web interface. Previously, Positive Technologies helped address vulnerabilities in Zyxel routers and other Zyxel devices. Positive Technologies also enhanced its PT Industrial Security Incident Manager (PT ISIM) with an additional expertise pack, enabling cybersecurity teams to detect attempts to exploit vulnerabilities in MikroTik routers and Cisco switches.
Cyber Security
Sophos Study: MDR Users Claim 97.5% Less in Cyber Insurance

Leading cybersecurity provider Sophos has released findings from a new study quantifying the financial impact of various cybersecurity controls on cyber insurance claims. The research compares the effect of endpoint solutions, EDR/XDR technologies, and MDR services on claim amounts, offering valuable insights for both insurers and organizations.
Sally Adam, Senior Director, Solution Marketing at Sophos, said, “Every year, organisations spend huge amounts of money on their cybersecurity. By quantifying the impact of controls on the outcome of cyberattacks, this study enables them to focus their investments on the most cost-effective options. At the same time, insurers have a major influence on cybersecurity spending through the controls they require of organisations wishing to be covered and the discounts they offer when a given scheme is in place. This study enables them to encourage investments that can make a real difference to incident outcomes and the resulting claim amounts.”
The Sophos study reveals a dramatic difference in cyber insurance claims: organizations using MDR services claim a median compensation of just $75,000, a staggering 97.5% less than the $3 million median claimed by organizations relying solely on endpoint solutions. This means that endpoint-only users typically claim 40 times more in the event of an attack. The study attributes this significant reduction to the rapid threat detection and blocking capabilities of MDR services, which can effectively prevent extensive damage.
The study also highlights a clear benefit to combining EDR or XDR with endpoint solutions, as the average insurance claim for users of these tools is just $500,000, which is one-sixth of the $3 million average claim for those using only endpoint solutions.
The Sophos study indicates that the predictability of cyber insurance claims varies significantly depending on the security controls in place. Claims from organizations utilizing MDR services show the highest predictability, suggesting consistent and reliable threat mitigation. This is likely due to the 24/7 expert monitoring, investigation, and response that allows for swift action against threats at any time. Conversely, claims from users of EDR/XDR tools are the least predictable, implying that their effectiveness in preventing major damage heavily depends on the user’s expertise and speed of response.
The Sophos study also reveals significant differences in recovery times from ransomware attacks. Endpoint solution users average a 40-day recovery, while EDR/XDR users take the longest at 55 days. In stark contrast, organizations using MDR services recover the fastest, with an average downtime of just three days. These findings underscore MDR’s effectiveness in minimizing the impact of cyberattacks and highlight the less predictable recovery experiences associated with EDR/XDR tools, whose success is dependent on user expertise.
Adam concludes, “The research confirms what many people instinctively know: the type of security solution used has a significant impact on cyber insurance claims. Cyberattacks are inevitable, but defences are not. These results are a useful tool for organisations wishing to optimise their cyber defence and their return on investment in cybersecurity. They will also be useful for insurers looking to reduce their exposure and offer suitable policies to their customers.”
Cyber Security
Fortinet Strengthens OT Security for Critical Infrastructure

Fortinet has enhanced its OT Security Platform to better protect critical infrastructure from modern cyberthreats. The upgraded platform offers more than basic OT visibility with the new FortiGuard OT Security Service, expanded hardened solutions for network segmentation and 5G in demanding environments, and an improved OT SecOps portfolio for automated threat response and compliance management.
“Fortinet has been building an industry-leading OT Security Platform for 20-plus years and remains at the forefront of OT security innovation,” said Nirav Shah, Senior Vice President, Products and Solutions at Fortinet. “As cyberthreats against critical infrastructure and across industries such as energy, transportation, and manufacturing continue to grow, Fortinet remains committed to delivering comprehensive security solutions tailored for operational technology environments. These latest enhancements give organizations the tools they need to improve their OT security posture and adhere to regulatory requirements—all managed through a single, unified platform.”
The latest Fortinet OT Security Platform enhances OT security with:
- Advanced Threat Protection: New FortiGate Rugged NGFWs combined with the enhanced FortiGuard OT Security Service offer superior security enforcement, detecting threats using over 3,300 OT protocol rules, nearly 750 OT IPS rules, and 1,500 virtual patching rules. This protects against known exploited vulnerabilities and provides virtual patching for older OT systems. Secure remote access is also improved with updates to FortiSRA, including enhanced secrets and password management.
- Secure Segmentation: The new FortiSwitch Rugged 108F and FortiSwitch Rugged 112F-POE industrial-grade switches enable precise security control at the port level, preventing unauthorized lateral movement within OT networks. Built on Fortinet’s unified FortiOS, these switches simplify network and security management.
- Resilient Connectivity: Two new ruggedized 5G solutions are introduced: the IP67-rated FortiExtender Rugged 511G for secure, high-speed connectivity to remote OT sites, and the IP64-rated FortiExtender Vehicle 511G for fleet vehicles. Both feature embedded Wi-Fi 6 and new eSIM capabilities for easier carrier selection.
- Enhanced OT SecOps: Fortinet’s AI-driven security operations capabilities are strengthened with updates to FortiAnalyzer 7.6 and FortiDeceptor 6.1, offering deeper threat insights and simplified compliance reporting for OT security teams. FortiNDR Cloud now includes OT protocol support for threat hunting, while FortiNDR (on-premises) adds features like a Purdue Model view and a device inventory covering OT and the Mitre ATT&CK ICS Matrix.
The Fortinet OT Security Platform delivers a unified view and comprehensive security tools to simplify the management of OT and remote site security. It empowers organizations to easily assess, secure, and report on risks, including meeting complex regulatory compliance. Fortinet uniquely offers seamless segmentation and a complete ruggedized portfolio of OT security solutions all managed by a single operating system, FortiOS. Its deep integration within the Fortinet Security Fabric makes it a leading platform in the industry, providing an effective, efficient, and holistic approach to OT security and compliance that surpasses standard offerings.
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